Developing Countries and the Convention on Biological Diversity: Navigating Obligations and Opportunities

Abstract

This article critically examines the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) 1992 from the standpoint of developing countries, with particular reference to Pakistan. It explores the significance of biodiversity conservation, outlines the inequitable distribution of biodiversity benefits, and dissects major provisions of the Convention that serve the interests of developing states. Further, it reflects on the Convention’s shortcomings and the challenges of implementing its provisions. Ultimately, the article argues that while the CBD is a landmark instrument in international environmental law, its true potential can only be realized through consistent international cooperation and a more robust benefit-sharing mechanism.

Keywords- Biodiversity, Developing Countries, Convention on Biological Diversity, Environmental Law, Pakistan, Conservation, Genetic Resources, Sustainable Use.